目次

# ソルバー

Opens the Solver dialog. A solver allows you to solve mathematical problems with multiple unknown variables and a set of constraints on the variables by goal-seeking methods.

このコマンドの見つけ方

#### 「メニューバー」から

Choose Tools - Solver.

#### From the tabbed interface:

Choose Tools - Solver.

On the Tools menu of the Tools tab, choose Solver.

#### From toolbars:

Solver

## Solver settings

### Target Cell

Enter or click the cell reference of the target cell. This field takes the address of the cell whose value is to be optimized.

### Optimize results to

- Maximum: Try to solve the equation for a maximum value of the target cell.

- Minimum: Try to solve the equation for a minimum value of the target cell.

- Value of: Try to solve the equation to approach a given value of the target cell.

  Enter the value or a cell reference in the text field.

### By Changing Cells

Enter the cell range that can be changed. These are the variables of the equations.

### Limiting Conditions

Add the set of constraints for the mathematical problem. Each constraint is represented by a cell reference (a variable), an operator, and a value.

- Cell reference: Enter a cell reference of the variable.

  Click the Shrink button to shrink or restore the dialog. You can click or select cells in the sheet. You can enter a cell reference manually in the input box.

- Operator: Select an operator from the list. Use Binary operator to restrict your variable to 0 or 1. Use the Integer operator to restrict your variable to take only integer values (no decimal part).

- Value: Enter a value or a cell reference. This field is ignored when the operator is Binary or Integer.

- Remove button: Click to remove the row from the list. Any rows from below this row move up.

You can set multiple conditions for a variable. For example, a variable in cell A1 that must be an integer less than 10. In that case, set two limiting conditions for A1.

### Options

Opens the Solver Options dialog.

The Solver Options dialog let you select the different solver algorithms for either linear and non-linear problems and set their solving parameters.

### Solve

Click to solve the problem with the current settings. The dialog settings are retained until you close the current document.

## ソルバーで式を解くには

ソルバープロセスの目標は、ターゲットセル (「対象」とも呼ばれる) が最適化された値になる数式の変数値を見つけることです。ターゲットセルの値を最大値、最小値、指定した値のいずれかに近づけるかを選択できます。

最初の変数値は、「変更させるセル」 ボックスに入力した長方形のセル範囲に挿入されます。

一部のセルに制約を設定する一連の制限条件を定義できます。たとえば、変数またはセルのいずれかが別の変数より大きくてはいけないという制約や、特定の値より大きくてはいけないという制約を設定できます。1 つ以上の変数が小数以下の桁数を持たない整数、または 0 か 1 だけを使用できる 2 進数の値である必要があるという制約も定義できます。

## Using Non-Linear solvers

Regardless whether you use DEPS or SCO, you start by going to Tools - Solver and set the Cell to be optimized, the direction to go (minimization, maximization) and the cells to be modified to reach the goal. Then you go to the Options and specify the solver to be used and if necessary adjust the according parameters.

There is also a list of constraints you can use to restrict the possible range of solutions or to penalize certain conditions. However, in case of the evolutionary solvers DEPS and SCO, these constraints are also used to specify bounds on the variables of the problem. Due to the random nature of the algorithms, it is highly recommended to do so and give upper (and in case "Assume Non-Negative Variables" is turned off also lower) bounds for all variables. They don't have to be near the actual solution (which is probably unknown) but should give a rough indication of the expected size (0 ≤ var ≤ 1 or maybe -1000000 ≤ var ≤ 1000000).

Bounds are specified by selecting one or more variables (as range) on the left side and entering a numerical value (not a cell or a formula) on the right side. That way you can also choose one or more variables to be Integer or Binary only.

関連項目

Solver Options

Solver Algorithms Options

Wiki page on solvers and their algorithms