Contents

# Mathematical Functions

This category contains the Mathematical functions for Calc. To open the Function Wizard, choose Insert - Function.

## [text/scalc/01/func_aggregate.xhp#aggregate_head not found].

This function returns an aggregate result of the calculations in the range. You can use different aggregate functions listed below. The Aggregate function enables you to omit hidden rows, errors, SUBTOTAL and other AGGREGATE function results in the calculation.

## RAWSUBTRACT

Subtracts a set of numbers and gives the result without eliminating small roundoff errors.

## SUM

Adds a set of numbers.

## SUMIF

Determines which values in a range of cells meet a specified criterion, then returns the sum of the matching values. Alternatively the function can determine which values in one range of cells meet a criterion, then return the sum of values in the corresponding cells in a second range of cells.

## HOUR

Return a numeric value calculated by a combination of three colors (red, green and blue) and the alpha channel, in the RGBA color system. The result depends on the color system used by your computer.

## SUMIFS

Returns the sum of the values of cells in a range that meets multiple criteria in multiple ranges.

## ABS

Returns the absolute value of a number.

#### Syntax

ABS(Number)

Number is the value whose absolute value is to be calculated.

#### Пример

Entering the value -56 will return an absolute value of 56.

Entering the value 56 will return an absolute value of 56.

The inverse trigonometric sine of -1 returns the value -1.57.

## ACOS

Returns the inverse trigonometric cosine of a number.

#### Syntax

ACOS(Number)

Number is the value, whose inverse trigonometric cosine value is to be calculated.

To return the angle in degrees, use the DEGREES function.

#### Пример

The inverse trigonometric cosine of -1 returns the value 3.14.

=DEGREES(ACOS(0.5)) returns 60. The cosine of 60 degrees is 0.5.

## ACOSH

Returns the inverse hyperbolic cosine of a number.

#### Syntax

ACOSH(Number)

Number is the value whose inverse hyperbolic cosine is to be calculated.

Number must be greater than or equal to 1.

#### Пример

The inverse hyperbolic cosine of 1 returns the value 0.

The inverse hyperbolic cosine of 1 returns the value 0.

## ACOT

Returns the inverse cotangent of the given number.

#### Syntax

ACOT(Number)

Number is the value whose inverse cotangent is to be calculated.

To return the angle in degrees, use the DEGREES function.

#### Пример

The inverse cotangent of -1 returns the value 2.36.

=DEGREES(ACOT(1)) returns 45. The tangent of 45 degrees is 1.

## ACOTH

Returns the inverse hyperbolic cotangent of the given number.

#### Syntax

ACOTH(Number)

Number is the value whose inverse hyperbolic cotangent is to be calculated.

An error results if Number is between -1 and 1 inclusive.

#### Пример

The inverse hyperbolic cotangent of 1.1 returns the value 1.52.

## ASIN

Returns the inverse trigonometric sine of a number.

#### Syntax

ASIN (Number)

Number is the value whose inverse trigonometric sine is to be calculated.

To return the angle in degrees, use the DEGREES function.

#### Пример

The inverse trigonometric sine of -1 returns the value -1.57.

The inverse trigonometric tangent of -1 returns the value -0.79.

=DEGREES(ASIN(0.5)) returns 30. The sine of 30 degrees is 0.5.

## ASINH

Returns the inverse hyperbolic sine of a number.

#### Syntax

ASINH(Number)

Number is the value whose inverse hyperbolic sine is to be calculated.

#### Пример

The inverse hyperbolic sine of -90 returns the value -5.19.

The inverse trigonometric sine of -1 returns the value -1.57.

## ATAN

Returns the inverse trigonometric tangent of a number.

#### Syntax

ATAN(Number)

Number is the value whose inverse trigonometric tangent value is to be calculated.

To return the angle in degrees, use the DEGREES function.

#### Пример

The inverse trigonometric tangent of -1 returns the value -0.79.

=DEGREES(ATAN(1)) returns 45. The tangent of 45 degrees is 1.

## ATAN2

Returns the angle (in radians) between the x-axis and a line from the origin to the point (NumberX|NumberY).

This function is part of the Open Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument) standard Version 1.2. (ISO/IEC 26300:2-2015)

#### Syntax

ATAN2(Number x; number y)

NumberX is the value of the x coordinate.

Number y is the value for the y coordinate.

Programming languages have usually the opposite order of arguments for their atan2() function.

ATAN2 returns the angle (in radians) between the x-axis and a line from the origin to the point (NumberX|NumberY)

#### Пример

=ATAN2(-5;9) returns 2.07789 radians.

To get the angle in degrees apply the DEGREES function to the result.

=DEGREES(ATAN2(12.3;12.3)) returns 45. The tangent of 45 degrees is 1.

LibreOffice results 0 for ATAN2(0;0).

The function can be used in converting cartesian coordinates to polar coordinates.

=DEGREES(ATAN2(-8;5)) returns φ = 147.9 degrees

## ATANH

Returns the inverse hyperbolic tangent of a number.

#### Syntax

ATANH(Number)

Number is the value whose inverse hyperbolic tangent is to be calculated.

Number must obey the condition -1 < number < 1.

#### Пример

The inverse hyperbolic tangent of 0.99 returns the value 2.65.

## COMBIN

Returns the number of combinations for a given number of objects.

#### Syntax

COMBIN(count 1; count 2)

Count 1 is the total number of elements.

Count 2 is the select count from the elements.

COMBIN returns the number of ordered ways to choose these items. For example if there are 3 items A, B and C in a set, you can choose 2 items in 3 different ways, namely AB, AC and BC.

COMBIN implements the formula: Count1!/(Count2!*(Count1-Count2)!)

#### Пример

If you enter 2 in text boxes Count 1 and 2, 1 will be returned as the result.

## COMBINA

Returns the number of combinations for a given number of objects (repetition included).

#### Syntax

COMBINA(count 1; count 2)

Count 1 is the total number of elements.

Count 2 is the select count from the elements.

COMBINA returns the number of unique ways to choose these items, where the order of choosing is irrelevant, and repetition of items is allowed. For example if there are 3 items A, B and C in a set, you can choose 2 items in 6 different ways, namely AA, AB, AC, BB, BC and CC.

COMBINA implements the formula: (Count1+Count2-1)! / (Count2!(Count1-1)!)

#### Пример

If you enter 2 in text boxes Count 1 and 2, 3 will be returned as the result.

## CONVERT

Converts between old European national currency and to and from Euros.

#### Syntax

EUROCONVERT(Value; "From_currency"; "To_currency" [; full_precision [; triangulation_precision]])

Value is the amount in the currency to be converted.

Text is the official abbreviation for the currency in question (for example, "EUR"). The first Text parameter gives the source value to be converted, the second Text parameter gives the destination value.

Full_precision is optional. If omitted or False, the result is rounded according to the decimals of the To currency. If Full_precision is True, the result is not rounded.

Triangulation_precision is optional. If Triangulation_precision is given and >=3, the intermediate result of a triangular conversion (currency1,EUR,currency2) is rounded to that precision. If Triangulation_precision is omitted, the intermediate result is not rounded. Also if To currency is "EUR", Triangulation_precision is used as if triangulation was needed and conversion from EUR to EUR was applied.

### Example:

=CONVERT(100;"ATS";"EUR") converts 100 Austrian Schilling into Euro.

=CONVERT(100;"EUR";"DEM") converts 100 Euro into German Mark.

## CONVERT_OOO

Converts to euros a currency value expressed in one of the legacy currencies of 19 member states of the Eurozone, and vice versa. The conversion uses the fixed exchange rates at which the legacy currencies entered the euro.

We recommend using the more flexible EUROCONVERT function for converting between these currencies. CONVERT_OOO is not a standardized function and is not portable.

#### Syntax

CONVERT_OOO(Value; "Text1"; "Text2")

Value is the amount in the currency to be converted.

Text1 is a three-character string that specifies the currency to be converted from.

Text2 is a three-character string that specifies the currency to be converted to.

Text1 and Text2 must each take one of the following values: "ATS", "BEF", "CYP", "DEM", "EEK", "ESP", "EUR", "FIM", "FRF", "GRD", "IEP", "ITL", "LTL", "LUF", "LVL", "MTL", "NLG", "PTE", "SIT", and "SKK".

One, and only one, of Text1 or Text2 must be equal to "EUR".

#### Пример

=CONVERT_OOO(100;"ATS";"EUR") returns the euro value of 100 Austrian schillings.

=CONVERT_OOO(100;"EUR";"DEM") converts 100 euros into German marks.

Refer to the CONVERT_OOO wiki page for more details about this function.

## COS

Дава косинус на дадениот агол (во радијанси).

#### Syntax

COS(Number)

Number is the value whose cosine is to be calculated.

To return the cosine of an angle in degrees, use the RADIANS function.

#### Пример

The angle 6.28 (2Pi) returns a cosine of 1.

The angle 3.14 (Pi) returns a cosine of -1.

## COSH

Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a number.

#### Syntax

COSH(Number)

Number is the value whose hyperbolic cosine is to be calculated.

#### Пример

Entering the value -5 will return a hyperbolic cosine of 74.21.

## COT

Returns the cotangent of the given angle.

#### Syntax

COT(Number)

Number is the value whose cotangent is to be calculated.

To return the cotangent of an angle in degrees, use the RADIANS function.

The cotangent of an angle is equivalent to 1 divided by the tangent of that angle.

### Example:

The angle -45 returns a cotangent of -0.62.

The angle 90 returns a cotangent of -0.5.

## COTH

Returns the hyperbolic cotangent of a given number (angle).

#### Syntax

COTH(Number)

Number is the value whose hyperbolic cotangent is to be calculated.

#### Пример

Entering the value 90 returns a hyperbolic cotangent of 1.

## CSC

Returns the cosecant of the given angle (in radians). The cosecant of an angle is equivalent to 1 divided by the sine of that angle

This function is available since LibreOffice 3.5.

#### Syntax

COSH(Number)

Number is the value whose cosine is to be calculated.

To return the cosecant of an angle in degrees, use the RADIANS function.

#### Пример

=CSC(PI()/4) returns approximately 1.4142135624, the inverse of the sine of PI/4 radians.

The angle 3.14 (Pi) returns a cosine of -1.

## CSCH

Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a number.

This function is available since LibreOffice 3.5.

#### Syntax

COSH(Number)

Number is the value whose hyperbolic cosine is to be calculated.

#### Пример

=CSCH(1) returns approximately 0.8509181282, the hyperbolic cosecant of 1.

## DEGREES

Converts radians into degrees.

#### Syntax

DEG(Number)

Number is the value to be converted.

#### Пример

=DEGREES(PI()) returns 180 degrees.

## EVEN

Rounds a positive number up to the nearest even integer and a negative number down to the nearest even integer.

#### Syntax

EVEN(number)

Number is the number that is to be rounded.

#### Пример

If you enter the number 0.01, 2 will be returned as the result.

If you enter the number 0.01, 2 will be returned as the result.

The inverse trigonometric sine of -1 returns the value -1.57.

If you enter the number 0.01, 2 will be returned as the result.

## EXP

Returns e raised to the power of a number. The constant e has a value of approximately 2.71828182845904.

#### Syntax

EXP(number)

Number is the power to which e is to be raised.

#### Пример

=EXP(1) returns 2.71828182845904, the mathematical constant e to Calc's accuracy.

## FACT

Returns the factorial of a non-negative integer.

#### Syntax

FACT(Integer)

Returns Integer!, the factorial of Integer, calculated as 1*2*3*4* ... * Integer.

Returns the "invalid argument" error if the argument is negative integer.

Returns the #VALUE! error if the argument is greater than 170, cause too large integer (approximately 7E+306.

=FACT(0) returns 1 by definition.

If the argument is a non-integer number, it is converted to its floor integer value.

#### Пример

FACT(10) returns 3628800.

=FACT(3.8) returns 6.

FACT(0) by definition returns 1.

## GCD

Returns the greatest common divisor of two or more integers.

The greatest common divisor is the positive largest integer which will divide, without remainder, each of the given integers.

#### Syntax

GCD(Integer 1 [; Integer 2 [; … [; Integer 255]]])

Integer 1; Integer 2; … ; Integer 255 are integers, references to cells or to cell ranges of integers.

This function ignores any text or empty cell within a data range. If you suspect wrong results from this function, look for text in the data ranges. To highlight text contents in a data range, use the value highlighting feature.

#### Пример

If you enter the numbers 512;1024 and 2000 in text boxes Integer 1;2 and 3, 16 will be returned as the result.

=GCD(B1:B3) where cells B1, B2, B3 contain 9, 12, 9 gives 3.

## GCD_EXCEL2003

The result is the greatest common divisor of a list of numbers.

The functions whose names end with _ADD or _EXCEL2003 return the same results as the corresponding Microsoft Excel 2003 functions without the suffix. Use the functions without suffix to get results based on international standards.

#### Syntax

GCD_EXCEL2003(Number 1 [; Number 2 [; … [; Number 255]]])

Number 1; Number 2; … ; Number 255 are numbers, references to cells or to cell ranges of numbers.

#### Пример

=GCD_EXCEL2003(5;15;25) returns 5.

## INT

Rounds a number down to the nearest integer.

#### Syntax

INT(number)

Number is the number that is to be rounded down to the nearest integer.

Negative numbers round down to the integer below.

#### Пример

If you enter the number -0.1, -1 will be returned as the result.

If you enter the number 23.74, 23 will be returned as the result.

## LCM

Returns the least common multiple of one or more integers.

#### Syntax

LCM(Integer 1 [; Integer 2 [; … [; Integer 255]]])

Integer 1; Integer 2; … ; Integer 255 are integers, references to cells or to cell ranges of integers.

This function ignores any text or empty cell within a data range. If you suspect wrong results from this function, look for text in the data ranges. To highlight text contents in a data range, use the value highlighting feature.

#### Пример

If you enter the numbers 512; 1024 and 2000 as Integer 1;2 and 3, then 128000 will be returned.

## LCM_EXCEL2003

The result is the lowest common multiple of a list of numbers.

The functions whose names end with _ADD or _EXCEL2003 return the same results as the corresponding Microsoft Excel 2003 functions without the suffix. Use the functions without suffix to get results based on international standards.

#### Syntax

LCM_EXCEL2003(Number 1 [; Number 2 [; … [; Number 255]]])

Number 1; Number 2; … ; Number 255 are numbers, references to cells or to cell ranges of numbers.

#### Пример

=LCM_EXCEL2003(5;15;25) returns 75.

## LN

Returns the natural logarithm based on the constant e of a number. The constant e has a value of approximately 2.71828182845904.

#### Syntax

LN(number)

Number is the value whose natural logarithm is to be calculated.

#### Пример

The natural logarithm to the base e of the value 3 will return the rounded value of 1.1 as the result.

=GESTEP(5;1) returns 1.

## LOG

Returns the logarithm of a number to the specified base.

#### Syntax

LOG(Number [; Base])

Number is the value whose logarithm is to be calculated.

Base is the base for the logarithm calculation.

#### Пример

The logarithm of the number 10 to the base 3 will return 2.1 as the result.

If you enter the number -0.1, -1 will be returned as the result.

## LOG10

Returns the base-10 logarithm of a number.

#### Syntax

LOG10(number)

Number is the value whose logarithm to the base 10 is to be calculated.

#### Пример

The logarithm to the base 10 of the value 3 will return 0.48 as the result.

## MOD

Returns the remainder after a number is divided by a divisor.

#### Syntax

MOD(Dividend; Divisor)

Dividend is the value from which to find the remainder after dividing.

Divisor is the number by which to divide the specified value.

#### Пример

The value 17 in the Dividend field is to be divided by the divisor -1.4. -1.2 will be returned as the remainder.

Entering the value 56 will return an absolute value of 56.

## MROUND

The result is the nearest integer multiple of the number.

#### Syntax

MROUND(Number; Multiple)

Returns Number rounded to the nearest multiple of Multiple.

An alternative implementation would be Multiple * ROUND(Number/Multiple).

#### Пример

Which integer multiple of 3 is the number 15.5 closest to?

=MROUND(1.6;0.5) returns 1.5, the nearest integer multiple of 0.5 to approach 1.6.

## MULTINOMIAL

Returns the factorial of the sum of the arguments divided by the product of the factorials of the arguments.

#### Syntax

MULTINOMIAL(Number 1 [; Number 2 [; … [; Number 255]]])

Number 1; Number 2; … ; Number 255 are numbers, references to cells or to cell ranges of numbers.

This function ignores any text or empty cell within a data range. If you suspect wrong results from this function, look for text in the data ranges. To highlight text contents in a data range, use the value highlighting feature.

#### Пример

=MULTINOMIAL(F11:H11) returns 1260, if F11 to H11 contain the values 2, 3 and 4. This corresponds to the formula =(2+3+4)! / (2!*3!*4!)

## ODD

Rounds a positive number up to the nearest odd integer and a negative number down to the nearest odd integer.

#### Syntax

ODD(number)

Number is the number that is to be rounded.

#### Пример

If you enter the number 1.01, 3 will be returned as the result.

If you enter the number 1.01, 3 will be returned as the result.

If you enter the number 1.01, 3 will be returned as the result.

If you enter the number 1.01, 3 will be returned as the result.

## PI

Returns the value of PI (rounded value 3.14159).

#### Syntax

PI()

#### Пример

Pi is 3.14159... as a rounded value.

## POWER

Returns the result of a number raised to a power.

#### Syntax

POWER(base; power) or base ^ power

Base is the number that is to be raised to a given power.

The same result may be achieved by using the exponentiation operator ^: Base^Exponent

=POWER(0,0) returns 1; =POWER(0,X) reports the #NUM! error when exponent X is negative.

=POWER(B,X) may or may not report a #NUM! error when B is negative and X is not an integer.

#### Пример

=POWER(4;3) returns 64, which is 4 to the power of 3.

=4^3 also returns 4 to the power of 3.

=POWER(2;-3) returns 0.125.

=POWER(-2;1/3) returns -1.25992104989487.

=POWER(-2;2/3) returns the #NUM! error.

## PRODUCT

Multiplies all the numbers given as arguments and returns the product.

#### Syntax

PRODUCT(Number 1 [; Number 2 [; … [; Number 255]]])

Number 1; Number 2; … ; Number 255 are numbers, references to cells or to cell ranges of numbers.

This function ignores any text or empty cell within a data range. If you suspect wrong results from this function, look for text in the data ranges. To highlight text contents in a data range, use the value highlighting feature.

#### Пример

If you enter the numbers 2; 3 and 4 in the Number 1; 2 and 3 text boxes, 24 will be returned as the result.

## QUOTIENT

Returns the integer result of a division operation.

#### Syntax

QUOTIENT(Numerator;Denominator)

Returns the integer part of Numerator divided by Denominator.

QUOTIENT is equivalent to INT(numerator/denominator) for same-sign numerator and denominator, except that it may report errors with different error codes. More generally, it is equivalent to INT(numerator/denominator/SIGN(numerator/denominator))*SIGN(numerator/denominator).

#### Пример

=QUOTIENT(11;3) returns 3. The remainder of 2 is omitted.

## RADIANS

Converts degrees to radians.

#### Syntax

RADIANS(number)

Number is the angle in degrees.

#### Пример

=RADIANS(90) returns 1.5707963267949, which is PI/2 to Calc's accuracy.

## RAND

Returns a random number between 0 and 1.

This function is always recalculated whenever a recalculation occurs.

#### Syntax

RAND()

This function produces a new random number each time Calc recalculates. To force Calc to recalculate manually press F9.

To generate random numbers which never recalculate, either:

- Copy cells each containing =RAND(), and use Edit - Paste Special (with Paste All and Formulas not marked and Numbers marked).

- Use the Fill Cell command with random numbers (Sheet - Fill Cells - Fill Random Numbers).

- Use the RAND.NV() function for non-volatile random numbers.

#### Пример

=RAND() returns a random number between 0 and 1.

## RAND.NV

Returns a non-volatile random number between 0 and 1.

#### Syntax

RAND.NV()

This function produces a non-volatile random number on input. A non-volatile function is not recalculated at new input events. The function does not recalculate when pressing F9, except when the cursor is on the cell containing the function or using the Recalculate Hard command (Shift+CommandCtrl+F9). The function is recalculated when opening the file.

#### Пример

=RAND.NV() returns a non-volatile random number between 0 and 1.

#### Technical information

This function is available since LibreOffice 7.0.

This function is not part of the Open Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument) Version 1.3. Part 4: Recalculated Formula (OpenFormula) Format standard. The name space is

ORG.LIBREOFFICE.RAND.NV

## RANDBETWEEN

Returns an integer random number between Bottom and Top (both inclusive). To recalculate press Shift+Ctrl+F9.

This function is always recalculated whenever a recalculation occurs.

#### Syntax

RANDBETWEEN (Bottom; Top)

Returns an integer random number between integers Bottom and Top (both inclusive).

This function produces a new random number each time Calc recalculates. To force Calc to recalculate manually press F9.

To generate random numbers which never recalculate, copy cells containing this function, and use Edit - Paste Special (with Paste All and Formulas not marked and Numbers marked).

#### Пример

=RANDBETWEEN (20;30) returns an integer of between 20 and 30.

## RANDBETWEEN.NV

Returns an non-volatile integer random number in a specified range.

#### Syntax

RANDBETWEEN.NV(Bottom; Top)

Returns an non-volatile integer random number between integers Bottom and Top (both inclusive). A non-volatile function is not recalculated at new input events or pressing F9. However, the function is recalculated when pressing F9 with the cursor on the cell containing the function, when opening the file, when using the Recalculate Hard command (Shift+CommandCtrl+F9) and when Top or Bottom are recalculated.

#### Пример

=RANDBETWEEN.NV(20;30) returns a non-volatile integer between 20 and 30.

=RANDBETWEEN.NV(A1;30) returns a non-volatile integer between the value of cell A1 and 30. The function is recalculated when the contents of cell A1 change.

#### Technical information

This function is available since LibreOffice 7.0.

This function is not part of the Open Document Format for Office Applications (OpenDocument) Version 1.3. Part 4: Recalculated Formula (OpenFormula) Format standard. The name space is

ORG.LIBREOFFICE.RANDBETWEEN.NV

## ROUND

Returns a number rounded to a certain number of decimal places.

#### Syntax

ROUND(Number [; Count])

number is the number to be rounded.

This function rounds to the nearest number. See ROUNDDOWN and ROUNDUP for alternatives.

#### Пример

If you enter the number 17.546 in the number field, with 1 specified as the number of rounding places, 17.5 will be returned as the result.

=ROUND(-32.4834; 3) returns -32.483. Change the cell format to see all decimals.

If you enter the number 17.546 in the number field, with 1 specified as the number of rounding places, 17.5 will be returned as the result.

If you enter the number 1.01, 3 will be returned as the result.

Entering the value 123.343 and the value 2 in the count field will return the value 123.35.

## ROUNDDOWN

Truncates a number while keeping a specified number of decimal digits.

## ROUNDUP

Rounds a number up, according to the specified decimal place.

#### Syntax

ROUNDUP(Number [; Count])

number is the number to be rounded up.

This function rounds away from zero. See ROUNDDOWN and ROUND for alternatives.

#### Пример

Entering the value 123.343 and the value 2 in the count field will return the value 123.35.

Entering the value 567.567 and the value 2 in the count field will return 567.56.

Entering the value 123.343 and the value 2 in the count field will return the value 123.35.

If you enter the number -4.5, -1 will be returned as the result.

Entering the value 123.343 and the value 2 in the count field will return the value 123.35.

## SEC

Returns the secant of the given angle (in radians). The secant of an angle is equivalent to 1 divided by the cosine of that angle

This function is available since LibreOffice 3.5.

#### Syntax

SIN(number)

Number is the angle in radians.

To return the secant of an angle in degrees, use the RADIANS function.

#### Пример

=SEC(PI()/4) returns approximately 1.4142135624, the inverse of the cosine of PI/4 radians.

The angle 3.14 (Pi) returns a cosine of -1.

## SECH

Returns the hyperbolic sine of a number.

This function is available since LibreOffice 3.5.

#### Syntax

SINH(number)

Number is the number whose hyperbolic sine is to be calculated.

#### Пример

If you enter the value -5, -74.2 will be returned as the hyperbolic sine.

## SERIESSUM

Returns a sum of powers of the number x in accordance with the following formula:

SERIESSUM(x;n;m;c) = c1xn + c2xn+m + c3xn+2m + ... + cixn + (i-1)m.

#### Syntax

SERIESSUM(x; n; m; coefficients)

x: the number as an independent variable

n: the starting power

m: the increment

coefficients: a series of coefficients. For each coefficient the series sum is extended by one section.

#### Пример

=SERIESSUM(A1; 0; 1; {1; 2; 3}) calculates the value of 1+2x+3x2, where x is the value in cell A1. If A1 contains 1, the formula returns 6; if A1 contains 2, the formula returns 17; if A1 contains 3, the formula returns 34; and so on.

Refer to the SERIESSUM wiki page for more details about this function.

## SIGN

Returns the sign of a number. The function returns the result 1 for a positive sign and -1 for a negative sign. If the number is zero, then the function likewise produces a zero.

#### Syntax

SIGN(number)

Number is the number whose sign is to be determined.

#### Пример

If you enter the number 3.4, 1 will be returned as the result.

If you enter the number -4.5, -1 will be returned as the result.

## SIN

Returns the sine of the given number (angle).

#### Syntax

SIN(number)

Number is the angle in radians.

To return the sine of an angle in degrees, use the RADIANS function.

#### Пример

The sine of the angle (in radians) 3.14 (Pi) is 0.

The angle 3.14 (Pi) returns a cosine of -1.

## SINH

Returns the hyperbolic sine of a number.

#### Syntax

SINH(number)

Number is the number whose hyperbolic sine is to be calculated.

#### Пример

If you enter the value -5, -74.2 will be returned as the hyperbolic sine.

## SQRT

Returns the positive square root of a number. The value of the number must be positive.

#### Syntax

SQRT(number)

Number is the number whose square root is to be calculated.

Number must be positive.

#### Пример

The square root of 16 is 4.

=SQRT(-16) returns an invalid argument error.

## SQRTPI

Returns the square root of a number*PI.

#### Syntax

SQRTPI (Number)

Returns the positive square root of (PI multiplied by Number).

This is equivalent to SQRT(PI()*Number).

#### Пример

=SQRTPI(2) returns the rounded value 2.506628.

## SUBTOTAL

Calculates subtotals. If a range already contains subtotals, these are not used for further calculations. Use this function with the AutoFilters to take only the filtered records into account.

#### Syntax

SUBTOTAL(function; range)

Function is a number that stands for one of the following functions:

Function index (includes hidden values) | Function index (ignores hidden values) | Функција
--- | --- | ---
1 | 101 | AVERAGE
2 | 102 | COUNT
3 | 103 | COUNTA
4 | 104 | MAX
5 | 105 | MIN
6 | 106 | PRODUCT
7 | 107 | STDEV
8 | 108 | STDEVP
9 | 109 | SUM
10 | 110 | VAR
11 | 111 | VARP

Use numbers 1-11 to include manually hidden rows or 101-111 to exclude them; filtered-out cells are always excluded.

Range is the range whose cells are included.

This function ignores any text or empty cell within a data range. If you suspect wrong results from this function, look for text in the data ranges. To highlight text contents in a data range, use the value highlighting feature.

#### Пример

You have a table in the cell range A1:B6 containing a bill of material for 10 students.

| A | B
--- | --- | ---
1 | ITEM | QUANTITY
2 | Pen | 10
3 | Pencil | 10
4 | Notebook | 10
5 | Rubber | 10
6 | Sharpener | 10

Let's say one row is manually hidden, then the first formula shows the sum of the 5 figures filtered; the second, only the sum of the 4 figures displayed.

=SUBTOTAL(9;B2:B6) returns 50.

=SUBTOTAL(109;B2:B6) returns 40.

## SUMSQ

Calculates the sum of the squares of a set of numbers.

#### Syntax

SUMSQ(Number 1 [; Number 2 [; … [; Number 255]]])

Number 1; Number 2; … ; Number 255 are numbers, references to cells or to cell ranges of numbers.

This function ignores any text or empty cell within a data range. If you suspect wrong results from this function, look for text in the data ranges. To highlight text contents in a data range, use the value highlighting feature.

#### Пример

If you enter the numbers 2; 3 and 4 in the Number 1; 2 and 3 arguments, 29 is returned as the result.

## TAN

Returns the tangent of the given angle.

#### Syntax

TAN(number)

Number is the angle in radians.

To return the tangent of an angle in degrees, use the RADIANS function.

#### Пример

The tangent of the angle (in radians) 3.14 (Pi) is 0.

The angle 90 returns a cotangent of -0.5.

## TANH

Returns the hyperbolic tangent of a number.

#### Syntax

TANH(number)

Number is the number whose hyperbolic tangent is to be calculated.

#### Пример

If you enter the value -5, the system returns the hyperbolic tangent -1.

## TRUNC

Truncates a number while keeping a specified number of decimal digits.

Поврзани теми

Functions by Category