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# Plex

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Plex is a media player system and software suite consisting of many player applications for 10-foot user interfaces and an associated media server that organizes personal media stored on local devices. Integrated Plex Channels provide users with access to a growing number of online content providers such as YouTube, Vimeo, TEDTalks, and CNN among others. Plex also provides integration for cloud services including Dropbox, Box, Google Drive, or Copy.

Plex for Linux is split into a closed-source server Plex Media Server, and an open-source client Plex Home Theater, a fork of the popular Kodi project.

## Plex Media Server (PMS)

### Installation

Install plex-media-serverAUR (stable update channel) or plex-media-server-plexpassAUR (beta update channel). The latter is only available to Plex Pass subscribers and can provide early access to improvements and/or new functionalities, but also early access to potential bugs. Even though the beta update channel is typically quite stable, it is recommended to install the stable release unless you require specific early access content (release notes).

### Configuration

Start/enable the `plexmediaserver.service` systemd unit.

To begin configuring the Plex Media Server, browse to http://localhost:32400/web/.

To configure Plex Media Server remotely, you can first create an SSH tunnel (setup can only be done from `localhost`)

    $ ssh ip.address.of.server -L 8888:localhost:32400

and then browse to `http://localhost:8888/web/`.

or if you are running apache, with a reverse proxy, by adding this configuration in httpd-vhosts.conf

     <VirtualHost *:80>
       ServerName ip.address.of.server
       ProxyPass        / http://localhost:32400/
       ProxyPassReverse / http://localhost:32400/
     </VirtualHost>

#### Custom domain

##### Nginx reverse proxy

Below an example server configuration is given for a reverse proxy using Nginx, including certificate configuration.

    /etc/nginx/sites-available/domain.com.conf

    server {
        listen                  443 ssl http2;
        listen                  [::]:443 ssl http2;
        server_name             media.domain.com;

        # SSL
        ssl_certificate         /etc/letsencrypt/live/media.domain.com/fullchain.pem;
        ssl_certificate_key     /etc/letsencrypt/live/media.domain.com/privkey.pem;
        ssl_trusted_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/media.domain.com/chain.pem;

        # logging
        access_log              /var/log/nginx/media.domain.com.access.log;
        error_log               /var/log/nginx/media.domain.com.error.log warn;

        # reverse proxy
        location / {
            proxy_pass https://localhost:32400;
            proxy_set_header Host $host;
            proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
            proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
        }
    }

    # HTTP redirect
    server {
        listen      80;
        listen      [::]:80;
        server_name media.domain.com;
        include     nginxconfig.io/letsencrypt.conf;

        location / {
            return 301 https://media.domain.com$request_uri;
        }
    }

### Plugins

PMS can be expanded with additional plugins. For example, PMS can be used as an IPTV client with the IPTV plugin.

Plugins can be installed inside `/var/lib/plex/Plex Media Server/Plug-ins`.

### Plex Live TV and DVR

Plex live TV requires a plexpass.

To enable live TV viewing and DVR support with plex, you must have one of the supported tuners listed on the support page. PMS will automatically recognize any connected tuners.

The plex user needs to be part of the video group in order to access local tuners. This can be done by running `usermod -a -G video plex`

To enable IPTV support via m3u playlist install xTeVeAUR.

#### Hauppauge

The drivers for all Hauppauge tuners have been included in the Linux kernel for some time now (e.g. ~v4.7 for WinTV-DualHD), however the firmware isn’t loaded by default. Look for a kernel message: `firmware file ‘dvb-demod-siXXXX-YY.fw’ not found` by e.g. starting a tail with `dmesg -w` and enable/insert the (USB) tuner device. If missing, download the respective firmware file and copy it file to `/lib/firmware/`.

### Security

It is recommended to store your media files outside of your home directory, as making it accessible to PMS would mean lowering its security. Having a separate `/media` or `/mnt/media` partition is a good setup for use with PMS.

You can further increase security via systemd, by editing `plexmediaserver.service` as follows:

    /etc/systemd/system/plexmediaserver.service.d/restrict.conf

    [Service]
    ReadOnlyPaths=/
    ReadWritePaths=/var/lib/plex /tmp

Note: Those mechanisms are currently limited. For instance, `ReadOnlyDirectories` do not apply to any submount, you have to list them as well.

### Resource management

Originally, PMS used ulimit to limit its allocated resources, however this is not compatible with running as a regular user. Instead, you can now set a maximum amount of memory via, again, systemd. For example, you can add:

    MemoryMax=4G

to the file mentioned above.

### Network

Note: PMS supports both IPv4 and IPv6. This section only assumes the use of IPv4.

PMS and its DLNA server require several ports to be open:

- Plex Media Server: TCP 32400
- Plex DLNA Server: TCP 32469, UDP 1900
- Network Discovery: UDP 32410, 32412, 32413, 32414
- Bonjour/Avahi Network Discovery (legacy): UDP 5353

A short example with iptables:

    # iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m multiport --dports 32400,32469 -j ACCEPT
    # iptables -A INPUT -p udp -m multiport --dports 1900,32410,32412,32413,32414 -j ACCEPT

In order to connect to Plex through on a standard http port, this command can be used (for port 8080):

    # iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 8080 -j REDIRECT --to-port 32400

Then you can connect directly to http://yourplexaddress:8080 on this port

#### UFW Rule

If you use UFW and would like to create an App List entry for Plex, create/edit `/etc/ufw/applications.d/plexmediaserver` and ensure it contains the following content:

    [plexmediaserver]
    title=Plex Media Server (Standard)
    description=The Plex Media Server
    ports=32400/tcp|3005/tcp|5353/udp|8324/tcp|32410:32414/udp

    [plexmediaserver-dlna]
    title=Plex Media Server (DLNA)
    description=The Plex Media Server (additional DLNA capability only)
    ports=1900/udp|32469/tcp

    [plexmediaserver-all]
    title=Plex Media Server (Standard + DLNA)
    description=The Plex Media Server (with additional DLNA capability)
    ports=32400/tcp|3005/tcp|5353/udp|8324/tcp|32410:32414/udp|1900/udp|32469/tcp

Once you have saved the file, reload the UFW application definitions with:

    # ufw app update plexmediaserver

And then finally allow the Plex app with:

    # ufw allow plexmediaserver-all

### Library Updates

Plex Media Server has a setting "Update my library automatically" which can detect new media files as they are downloaded to your library. But as your library grows, these updates might stop working reliably. To fix, you need to increase the number of files non-root users are allowed to subscribe to via inotify. Create the file `/etc/sysctl.d/40-max-user-watches.conf`

    /etc/sysctl.d/40-max-user-watches.conf

    fs.inotify.max_user_watches=524288

and run

    # sysctl --system

to apply without rebooting. Now plex should see any new files.

### Troubleshooting

This article or section needs expansion.

Reason: Look if journalctl can be made equivalent with `SYSTEMD_LOG_LEVEL=debug`, currently appears unreliable, see User talk:Alucryd#Plex (Discuss in Talk:Plex)

Logs are located in `/var/lib/plex/Plex Media Server/Logs`.

In case there are no logs or they are not helpful, you might want to launch PMS manually to get some terminal output:

    [plex]$ source /etc/conf.d/plexmediaserver
    [plex]$ export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib/plexmediaserver
    [plex]$ /usr/lib/plexmediaserver/Plex\ Media\ Server

#### Plex's WebUI returns 404

There may be a situation when updating Plex's WebUI will return 404 Not Found. To fix this you just need to restart `plexmediaserver.service`.

#### Long-running stop job

When logging out, shutting down, or stopping `plexmediaserver.service` manually, it may take a long time to finish the systemd stop job. This is possibly due to a bug in the Plex Tuner Service.[1]

If you do not use Plex's DVR feature, you can prevent Plex Tuner Service from running. First, stop `plexmediaserver.service`, then rename the relevant executable:

    # mv '/usr/lib/plexmediaserver/Plex Tuner Service' '/usr/lib/plexmediaserver/Plex Tuner Service.disabled'

Finally, start `plexmediaserver.service` again.

To avoid having to repeat these steps manually after each update, use the NoExtract array in `/etc/pacman.conf` to block the installation of this file.

#### Plex does not detect folder or external drive

In order for Plex to see folders, it needs to be given read and execute permissions. This is due to Plex being run as the user "plex" instead of your user. As such, it will not have access to your /home/ folder by default. The best practice is to put the media into a folder in the root folder (e.g. `/PlexMedia/`) or on an external drive. Then you have to give it read and execute permissions via the code below or by setting it via a file explorer.

    # chmod -R 775 path/to/media/folder

If not set already, set the owner/group to your username.

    # chown yourusername:yourusername /mediafolder

##### External drives

If you haven't explicitly set up a mounting configuration for your drives, your desktop environment (e.g. GNOME or KDE) might automatically mount it when you try accessing it via their file explorers. Plex won't be able to access the drive. This is because the desktop environment mounts it to your user (via FUSE), while Plex uses by default the "plex" user.

You will need to manually mount the drives for Plex to see them by setting the mount point. See Fstab for more details. You can also use a program such as KDE Partition Manager or GNOME Disks to set the partition's mount point. Be sure to give the external drive the correct user permissions.

## Plex for Desktop

Plex Desktop is the current release of Plex's desktop media client. It has officially replaced Plex Home Theater (PHT) and Plex Media Player (PMP), and includes downloads for Plex Pass users. PMP reached its EOL in 2020, though it still retains a "TV Mode" (replaced by Plex HTPC). Keep in mind, Plex's desktop app is closed-source.

### Installation

The plex-desktop package can be installed from Snap or the plex-desktopAUR package.

## Kodi and PleXBMC

With the PleXBMC add-on, Kodi can be used as a replacement for PHT.

### Installation

Install the kodi package, then follow the instructions at https://kodi.wiki/view/Add-on:PleXBMC.

Category:

- Home theater

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