# Programar em tempo Real

Last month we took a look at five important techniques for mastering live coding - in other words, we explored how we could use Sonic Pi to approach code in the same way we would approach a musical instrument. One of the important concepts that we discussed was practice. This month we’re going to take a deeper dive into understanding why live coding practice is important and how you might start.

## Practice regularly

The most important piece of advice is to make sure you practice regularly. As a rule I typically practice for 1-2 hours a day, but 20 mins is just fine when you’re starting out. Little but often is what you’re aiming for - so if you can only manage 10 minutes, that’s a great start.

Practice tip #1 - start to develop a practice routine. Find a nice time in the day that works for you and try and practice at that time as many days of the week as you can. Before long you’ll be looking forward to your regular session.

## Learn to Touch Type

If you watch a professional musician performing on stage you’ll likely notice a few things. Firstly, when they play they don’t stare at their instrument. Their fingers, arms and bodies know which keys to press, strings to pluck or drums to hit without them having to think about it too much. This is known as “muscle memory” and although it might sound like something only professionals can do - it’s just the same as when you first learned to walk or ride a bike - practicing through repetition. Live coders use muscle memory to free their minds from having to think about where to move their fingers so they can focus on the music. This is called touch-typing - typing without having to look at the keyboard.

Practice tip #2 - learn how to touch type. There are many apps, websites and even games which can help you achieve this. Find one you like the look of and stick at it until you can code without looking down.

## Code whilst standing

The body of a musician is conditioned for playing their instrument. For example, a trumpet player needs to be able to blow hard, a guitar player needs to be able to grip the fretboard with strength and a drummer needs to be able to continually hit the drums for long periods of time. So, what’s physical about live coding? Just like DJs, live coders typically perform whilst standing up and some even dance whilst they code! If you practice live coding whilst sitting at a desk and then have to get up and stand at a gig, you’ll likely find the difference very difficult and frustrating.

Practice tip #3 - stand whilst you practice. The easiest way to do this is to use a standing height desk. However, if like me you don’t have one at home, there’s a couple of low-fi options. The approach I take is to use an ironing board which happens to work rather well. Another is to stack some boxes or large books on a normal desk and place your keyboard on top of that. Also, make sure you stretch before you start practicing and try and dance a little during the session. Remember, nobody is watching you, so have fun and you’ll feel much more natural on stage.

## Practice setting up

Most instruments require some assembly and tuning before they can be played. Unless you’re a rockstar with a bus full of roadies, you’ll have to set up your own instrument before your gig. This is often a stressful time and it is easy for problems to occur. One way to help with this is to incorporate the setup process into your practice sessions.

Practice tip #4 - treat setting up as an important part of your practice. For example, have a box or bag that you can keep your Raspberry Pi and keyboard in etc. Before each practice session, take out all the parts, connect everything, and work through the boot process until you have Sonic Pi running and can make sounds. Once you’ve finished practicing, take the time to carefully pack everything away afterwards. This may take some time at first, but before long you’ll be able to setup and pack everything away incredibly quickly without having to think about it.

## Experiment Musically

Once you’ve set up and are ready to start making music, you might find yourself struggling to know where to start. One problem many people face is that they might have a good idea of the kinds of sounds they want to make, but are frustrated that they can’t produce them. Some people don’t even know what kind of sounds they want to make! The first thing to do is not to worry - this is very common and happens to every musician - even if they’ve been practicing for a long time. It is much more important to be making sounds you don’t like than not making any sounds at all.

Practice tip #5 - spend time making sounds and music you don’t like. Try to make time to explore new sounds and ideas. Don’t worry that it might sound terrible if it’s not the style you’re looking for. When you’re experimenting like this you increase the chance of stumbling over a sound or combination of sounds which you love! Even if 99% of the sounds you make are bad, that 1% might be the riff or intro to your new track. Forget the things you don’t like and remember the parts you do. This is even easier when you’re making music with code - just hit save!

## Hear the Code

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Practice tip #6 - write some code into Sonic Pi but don’t hit the Run button. Instead, try to imagine what sound it is going to produce. Then, hit Run, listen, and think about what you got right and what you didn’t. Keep repeating this until it become a natural part of your coding process. When I practice I normally have a good idea of what the code will sound like. However, I still am occasionally surprised, and then I’ll stop and spend some time thinking about why I was wrong. Each time this happens, I learn new tricks which allow me to express myself in new ways.

## Remove all distractions

A common problem when practicing is to become distracted with other things. Practicing is hard and requires real discipline regardless of the kind of music you’re making - from jazz to classical to EDM. If you’re struggling to get started or make progress, it’s often too easy to hop on social media, or look something up on the internet etc. If you’ve set yourself a target of 20 minutes of practice, it’s important to try and spend all that time being as productive as possible.

Practice tip #7 - before you start practicing remove as many distractions as possible. For example, disconnect from the internet, put your phone in another room and try to practice in a quiet place where you’re unlikely to be disturbed. Try to focus on coding music and you can return to your distractions when you’ve finished.

## Keep a practice diary

When you are practicing, you’ll often find your mind is full of new exciting ideas - new musical directions, new sounds to try out, new functions to write, etc. These ideas are often so interesting that you might stop what you’re doing and start working on the idea. This is another form of distraction!

Practice tip #8 - keep a practice diary by your keyboard. When you get an exciting new idea, temporarily pause your practice session, quickly jot the idea down, then forget about it and carry on practicing. You can then spend some quality time thinking about and working on your ideas after you’ve finished practicing.

## Bringing it all together

Try to establish a practice routine which incorporates as many of these ideas as possible. Try to keep the sessions as fun as possible but be aware that some practice sessions will be hard and feel a little like work. However, it will all be worth it once you’ve created your first piece or given your first performance. Remember, practice is the key to success!