  
  [1X6 [33X[0;0YClient's functionality[133X[101X
  
  [33X[0;0YSending  and  getting  requests  to the [5XSCSCP[105X server(s), the client operates
  with  processes.  Process is an abstraction which in other words may be also
  called  a  remote  task.  It  encapsulates  an  input/output TCP stream (see
  [2XIsInputOutputTCPStream[102X  ([14X3.1-1[114X))  from  the  client  to  the  server and the
  process  ID  of  the  CAS  running  as a server (deduced from the connection
  initiation message; may be unassigned, if the server CAS did not communicate
  it).[133X
  
  [33X[0;0YThere  are  two  ways  to  create  processes.  One of them is to specify the
  hostname  and  port  where  the  [5XSCSCP[105X server is running; in this case a new
  input/output  TCP  stream will be created. Another way is first to establish
  the  connection  with  the [5XSCSCP[105X server using [2XNewSCSCPconnection[102X ([14X6.1-2[114X) and
  then  keep it alive across multiple remote procedure calls, thus saving time
  on the DNS lookup and connection initiation. This may give a good speedup in
  computations  with  an intensive message exchange. Note that as long as such
  connection  is open, other [5XSCSCP[105X clients will not be able to get through, so
  if several clients are interchanging with the [5XSCSCP[105X server at the same time,
  they should not block each other with long-lasting connections.[133X
  
  
  [1X6.1 [33X[0;0Y[5XSCSCP[105X[101X[1X connections[133X[101X
  
  [1X6.1-1 IsSCSCPconnection[101X
  
  [33X[1;0Y[29X[2XIsSCSCPconnection[102X [32X filter[133X
  
  [33X[0;0YThis  is  the  category  of  [5XSCSCP[105X connections. Objects in this category are
  created using the function [2XNewSCSCPconnection[102X ([14X6.1-2[114X).[133X
  
  [1X6.1-2 NewSCSCPconnection[101X
  
  [33X[1;0Y[29X[2XNewSCSCPconnection[102X( [3Xhostname[103X, [3Xport[103X ) [32X function[133X
  
  [33X[0;0YFor a string [3Xhostname[103X and an integer [3Xport[103X, creates an object in the category
  [2XIsSCSCPconnection[102X   ([14X6.1-1[114X).  This  object  will  encapsulate  two  objects:
  [10Xtcpstream[110X,  which  is  the  input/output  TCP  stream  to [10X[3Xhostname[103X[10X:[3Xport[103X[10X[110X, and
  [10Xsession_id[110X,  which  is  the  result  of calling [2XStartSCSCPsession[102X ([14X4.1-1[114X) on
  [10Xtcpstream[110X.  The  connection  will  be  kept  alive  across  multiple  remote
  procedure calls until it will be closed with [2XCloseSCSCPconnection[102X ([14X6.1-3[114X).[133X
  
  [4X[32X  Example  [32X[104X
    [4X[28X[128X[104X
    [4X[25Xgap>[125X [27XSetInfoLevel( InfoSCSCP, 2 );[127X[104X
    [4X[25Xgap>[125X [27Xs:=NewSCSCPconnection("localhost",26133);[127X[104X
    [4X[28X#I  Creating a socket ...[128X[104X
    [4X[28X#I  Connecting to a remote socket via TCP/IP ...[128X[104X
    [4X[28X#I  Got connection initiation message[128X[104X
    [4X[28X#I  <?scscp service_name="GAP" service_version="4.dev" service_id="localhost:2\[128X[104X
    [4X[28X6133:52918" scscp_versions="1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3" ?>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X#I  Requesting version 1.3 from the server ...[128X[104X
    [4X[28X#I  Server confirmed version 1.3 to the client ...[128X[104X
    [4X[28X< connection to localhost:26133 session_id=localhost:26133:52918 >[128X[104X
    [4X[25Xgap>[125X [27XCloseSCSCPconnection(s);[127X[104X
    [4X[28X[128X[104X
  [4X[32X[104X
  
  [1X6.1-3 CloseSCSCPconnection[101X
  
  [33X[1;0Y[29X[2XCloseSCSCPconnection[102X( [3Xs[103X ) [32X function[133X
  [6XReturns:[106X  [33X[0;10Ynothing[133X
  
  [33X[0;0YCloses  [5XSCSCP[105X  connection  [3Xs[103X,  which  must  be  an  object  in  the category
  [2XIsSCSCPconnection[102X ([14X6.1-1[114X). Internally, it just calls [2XCloseStream[102X ([14XReference:
  CloseStream[114X) on the underlying input/output TCP stream of [3Xs[103X.[133X
  
  [4X[32X  Example  [32X[104X
    [4X[28X[128X[104X
    [4X[25Xgap>[125X [27XSetInfoLevel( InfoSCSCP, 0 );[127X[104X
    [4X[25Xgap>[125X [27Xs:=NewSCSCPconnection("localhost",26133);[127X[104X
    [4X[28X< connection to localhost:26133 session_id=localhost:26133:52918 >[128X[104X
    [4X[25Xgap>[125X [27XCloseSCSCPconnection(s);[127X[104X
    [4X[28X[128X[104X
  [4X[32X[104X
  
  
  [1X6.2 [33X[0;0YProcesses[133X[101X
  
  [1X6.2-1 IsProcess[101X
  
  [33X[1;0Y[29X[2XIsProcess[102X [32X filter[133X
  
  [33X[0;0YThis  is  the  category of processes. Processes in this category are created
  using the function [2XNewProcess[102X ([14X6.2-2[114X).[133X
  
  [1X6.2-2 NewProcess[101X
  
  [33X[1;0Y[29X[2XNewProcess[102X( [3Xcommand[103X, [3Xlistargs[103X, [3Xserver[103X, [3Xport[103X ) [32X function[133X
  [33X[1;0Y[29X[2XNewProcess[102X( [3Xcommand[103X, [3Xlistargs[103X, [3Xconnection[103X ) [32X function[133X
  [6XReturns:[106X  [33X[0;10Yobject in the category [10XIsProcess[110X[133X
  
  [33X[0;0YIn the first form, [3Xcommand[103X and [10Xserver[110X are strings, [3Xlistargs[103X is a list of [5XGAP[105X
  objects and [10Xport[110X is an integer.[133X
  
  [33X[0;0YIn  the  second form, an [5XSCSCP[105X connection in the category [2XNewSCSCPconnection[102X
  ([14X6.1-2[114X) is used instead of [10Xserver[110X and [10Xport[110X.[133X
  
  [33X[0;0YCalls  the  [5XSCSCP[105X  procedure with the name [3Xcommand[103X and the list of arguments
  [3Xlistargs[103X  at the server and port given by [3Xserver[103X and [3Xport[103X or encapsulated in
  the  [3Xconnection[103X.  Returns  an  object  in  the  category  [10XIsProcess[110X  for the
  subsequent waiting the result from its underlying stream.[133X
  
  [33X[0;0YIt accepts the following options:[133X
  
  [30X    [33X[0;6Y[10Xoutput:="object"[110X  is  used  to specify that the server must return the
        actual object evaluated as a result of the procedure call. This is the
        default  action  requested  by  the  client  if  the  [10Xoutput[110X option is
        omitted.[133X
  
  [30X    [33X[0;6Y[10Xoutput:="cookie"[110X  is  used to specify that the result of the procedure
        call  should  be  stored on the server, and the server should return a
        remote object (see [14X6.5[114X ) pointing to that result (that is, a cookie);[133X
  
  [30X    [33X[0;6Y[10Xoutput:="nothing"[110X  is  used  to specify that the server is supposed to
        reply  with  a  [10Xprocedure_completed[110X message carrying no object just to
        signal   that   the   call   was   completed   successfully  (for  the
        compatibility,  this  will  be  evaluated  to  a [10X"procedure completed"[110X
        string on the client's side);[133X
  
  [30X    [33X[0;6Y[10Xcd:="cdname"[110X is used to specify that the [5XOpenMath[105X symbol corresponding
        to  the  first  argument [3Xcommand[103X should be looked up in the particular
        content  dictionary  [10Xcdname[110X.  Otherwise,  it will be looked for in the
        default  content  dictionary  ([10Xscscp_transient_1[110X  for  the  [5XGAP[105X  [5XSCSCP[105X
        server);[133X
  
  [30X    [33X[0;6Y[10Xdebuglevel:=N[110X  is  used  to  obtain  additional information attributes
        together  with the result. The [5XGAP[105X [5XSCSCP[105X server does the following: if
        [10XN=1[110X,  it  will  report  about the CPU time in milliseconds required to
        compute  the  result;  if  [10XN=2[110X  it  will additionally report about the
        amount  of  memory  used  by  [5XGAP[105X in bytes will be returned (using the
        output of [2XMemoryUsageByGAPinKbytes[102X ([14X9.3-4[114X) converted to bytes); if [10XN=3[110X
        it  will additionally report the amount of memory in bytes used by the
        resulting  object  and its subobjects (using the output of [2XMemoryUsage[102X
        ([14XReference: MemoryUsage[114X)).[133X
  
  [33X[0;0YSee [2XCompleteProcess[102X ([14X6.2-3[114X) and [2XEvaluateBySCSCP[102X ([14X6.3-1[114X) for examples.[133X
  
  [1X6.2-3 CompleteProcess[101X
  
  [33X[1;0Y[29X[2XCompleteProcess[102X( [3Xprocess[103X ) [32X function[133X
  [6XReturns:[106X  [33X[0;10Yrecord with components [10Xobject[110X and [10Xattributes[110X[133X
  
  [33X[0;0YThe function waits, if necessary, until the underlying stream of the process
  will contain some data, then reads the appropriate [5XOpenMath[105X object from this
  stream and closes it.[133X
  
  [33X[0;0YIt has the option [10Xoutput[110X which may have two values:[133X
  
  [30X    [33X[0;6Y[10Xoutput:="cookie"[110X has the same meaning as for the [2XNewProcess[102X ([14X6.2-2[114X)[133X
  
  [30X    [33X[0;6Y[10Xoutput:="tree"[110X  is  used  to specify that the result obtained from the
        server   should  be  returned  as  an  XML  parsed  tree  without  its
        evaluation.[133X
  
  [33X[0;0YIn  the  following  example  we  demonstrate combination of the two previous
  functions   to   send   request   and  get  result,  calling  the  procedure
  [10XWS_Factorial[110X, installed in the previous chapter:[133X
  
  [4X[32X  Example  [32X[104X
    [4X[28X[128X[104X
    [4X[25Xgap>[125X [27Xs := NewProcess( "WS_Factorial", [10], "localhost", 26133 );                  [127X[104X
    [4X[28X< process at localhost:26133 pid=52918 >[128X[104X
    [4X[25Xgap>[125X [27Xx := CompleteProcess(s);[127X[104X
    [4X[28Xrec( attributes := [ [ "call_id", "localhost:26133:52918:TPNiMjCT" ] ],[128X[104X
    [4X[28X  object := 3628800 )[128X[104X
    [4X[28X[128X[104X
  [4X[32X[104X
  
  [33X[0;0YSee  more  examples  in  the  description  of  the  function [2XEvaluateBySCSCP[102X
  ([14X6.3-1[114X),  which  combines  the two previous functions by sending request and
  getting result in one call.[133X
  
  [1X6.2-4 TerminateProcess[101X
  
  [33X[1;0Y[29X[2XTerminateProcess[102X( [3Xprocess[103X ) [32X function[133X
  
  [33X[0;0YThe  function  is  supposed  to  send an [21Xout-of-band[121X interrupt signal to the
  server.  Current  implementation  works  only  when the server is running as
  [21Xlocalhost[121X  by  sending a [10XSIGINT[110X to the server using its PID contained in the
  [3Xprocess[103X.  It will do nothing if the server is running remotely, as the [5XSCSCP[105X
  specification  allows  the  server  to  ignore  interrupt  messages.  Remote
  interrupts will be introduced in one of the next versions of the package.[133X
  
  
  [1X6.3 [33X[0;0YAll-in-one tool: sending request and getting result[133X[101X
  
  [1X6.3-1 EvaluateBySCSCP[101X
  
  [33X[1;0Y[29X[2XEvaluateBySCSCP[102X( [3Xcommand[103X, [3Xlistargs[103X, [3Xserver[103X, [3Xport[103X ) [32X function[133X
  [33X[1;0Y[29X[2XEvaluateBySCSCP[102X( [3Xcommand[103X, [3Xlistargs[103X, [3Xconnection[103X ) [32X function[133X
  [6XReturns:[106X  [33X[0;10Yrecord with components [10Xobject[110X and [10Xattributes[110X[133X
  
  [33X[0;0YIn the first form, [3Xcommand[103X and [10Xserver[110X are strings, [3Xlistargs[103X is a list of [5XGAP[105X
  objects and [10Xport[110X is an integer.[133X
  
  [33X[0;0YIn  the  second form, an [5XSCSCP[105X connection in the category [2XNewSCSCPconnection[102X
  ([14X6.1-2[114X) is used instead of [10Xserver[110X and [10Xport[110X.[133X
  
  [33X[0;0YCalls  the  SCSCP  procedure with the name [3Xcommand[103X and the list of arguments
  [3Xlistargs[103X  at the server and port given by [10Xserver[110X and [10Xport[110X or encapsulated in
  the [3Xconnection[103X.[133X
  
  [33X[0;0YSince   [2XEvaluateBySCSCP[102X  combines  [2XNewProcess[102X  ([14X6.2-2[114X)  and  [2XCompleteProcess[102X
  ([14X6.2-3[114X),  it  accepts  all  options  which  may  be used by that functions (
  [10Xoutput[110X, [10Xcd[110X and [10Xdebuglevel[110X ) with the same meanings.[133X
  
  [4X[32X  Example  [32X[104X
    [4X[28X[128X[104X
    [4X[25Xgap>[125X [27XEvaluateBySCSCP( "WS_Factorial",[10],"localhost",26133);[127X[104X
    [4X[28Xrec( attributes := [ [ "call_id", "localhost:26133:2442:6hMEN40d" ] ], [128X[104X
    [4X[28X  object := 3628800 )[128X[104X
    [4X[25Xgap>[125X [27XSetInfoLevel(InfoSCSCP,0);[127X[104X
    [4X[25Xgap>[125X [27XEvaluateBySCSCP( "WS_Factorial",[10],"localhost",26133 : output:="cookie" ); [127X[104X
    [4X[28Xrec( attributes := [ [ "call_id", "localhost:26133:2442:jNQG6rml" ] ], [128X[104X
    [4X[28X  object := < remote object scscp://localhost:26133/TEMPVarSCSCP5KZIeiKD > )[128X[104X
    [4X[25Xgap>[125X [27XEvaluateBySCSCP( "WS_Factorial",[10],"localhost",26133 : output:="nothing" );[127X[104X
    [4X[28Xrec( attributes := [ [ "call_id", "localhost:26133:2442:9QHQrCjv" ] ], [128X[104X
    [4X[28X  object := "procedure completed" )[128X[104X
    [4X[28X[128X[104X
  [4X[32X[104X
  
  [33X[0;0YNow  we  demonstrate the procedure [10XGroupIdentificationService[110X, also given in
  the previous chapter:[133X
  
  [4X[32X  Example  [32X[104X
    [4X[28X[128X[104X
    [4X[25Xgap>[125X [27XG:=SymmetricGroup(4);[127X[104X
    [4X[28XSym( [ 1 .. 4 ] )[128X[104X
    [4X[25Xgap>[125X [27Xgens:=GeneratorsOfGroup(G);[127X[104X
    [4X[28X[ (1,2,3,4), (1,2) ][128X[104X
    [4X[25Xgap>[125X [27XEvaluateBySCSCP( "GroupIdentificationService", [ gens ],[127X[104X
    [4X[25X>[125X [27X                    "localhost", 26133 : debuglevel:=3 ); [127X[104X
    [4X[28Xrec( attributes := [ [ "call_id", "localhost:26133:2442:xOilXtnw" ], [128X[104X
    [4X[28X      [ "info_runtime", 4 ], [ "info_memory", 2596114432 ], [128X[104X
    [4X[28X      [ "info_message", "Memory usage for the result is 48 bytes" ] ], [128X[104X
    [4X[28X  object := [ 24, 12 ] )[128X[104X
    [4X[28X[128X[104X
  [4X[32X[104X
  
  [33X[0;0YService provider may suggest to the client to use a counterpart function[133X
  
  [4X[32X  Example  [32X[104X
    [4X[28X[128X[104X
    [4X[25Xgap>[125X [27XIdGroupWS := function( G )[127X[104X
    [4X[25X>[125X [27X   local H, result;[127X[104X
    [4X[25X>[125X [27X   if not IsPermGroup(G) then[127X[104X
    [4X[25X>[125X [27X     H:= Image( IsomorphismPermGroup( G ) );[127X[104X
    [4X[25X>[125X [27X   else[127X[104X
    [4X[25X>[125X [27X     H := G;[127X[104X
    [4X[25X>[125X [27X   fi;  [127X[104X
    [4X[25X>[125X [27X   result := EvaluateBySCSCP ( "GroupIdentificationService", [127X[104X
    [4X[25X>[125X [27X               [ GeneratorsOfGroup(H) ], "localhost", 26133 );[127X[104X
    [4X[25X>[125X [27X   return result.object;[127X[104X
    [4X[25X>[125X [27Xend;;[127X[104X
    [4X[28X[128X[104X
  [4X[32X[104X
  
  [33X[0;0Ywhich works exactly like [2XIdGroup[102X ([14Xsmallgrp: IdGroup[114X):[133X
  
  [4X[32X  Example  [32X[104X
    [4X[28X[128X[104X
    [4X[25Xgap>[125X [27XG:=DihedralGroup(64);[127X[104X
    [4X[28X<pc group of size 64 with 6 generators>[128X[104X
    [4X[25Xgap>[125X [27XIdGroupWS(G);[127X[104X
    [4X[28X[ 64, 52 ][128X[104X
    [4X[28X[128X[104X
  [4X[32X[104X
  
  
  [1X6.4 [33X[0;0YSwitching between Binary and XML [5XOpenMath[105X[101X[1X Encodings[133X[101X
  
  [1X6.4-1 SwitchSCSCPmodeToBinary[101X
  
  [33X[1;0Y[29X[2XSwitchSCSCPmodeToBinary[102X(  ) [32X function[133X
  [33X[1;0Y[29X[2XSwitchSCSCPmodeToXML[102X(  ) [32X function[133X
  [6XReturns:[106X  [33X[0;10Ynothing[133X
  
  [33X[0;0YThe [5XOpenMath[105X package supports both binary and XML encodings for [5XOpenMath[105X. To
  switch  between  them, use [2XSwitchSCSCPmodeToBinary[102X and [2XSwitchSCSCPmodeToXML[102X.
  When  the  package  is  loaded,  the  mode  is  initially set to XML. On the
  clients's  side, you can change the mode back and forth as many times as you
  wish  during the same [5XSCSCP[105X session. The server will autodetect the mode and
  will  response  in  the same format, so one does not need to set the mode on
  the server's side.[133X
  
  [33X[0;0YFor example, let us create a vector over [22XGF(3)[122X:[133X
  
  [4X[32X  Example  [32X[104X
    [4X[28X[128X[104X
    [4X[25Xgap>[125X [27Xx := [ Z(3)^0, Z(3), 0*Z(3) ];[127X[104X
    [4X[28X[ Z(3)^0, Z(3), 0*Z(3) ][128X[104X
    [4X[28X[128X[104X
  [4X[32X[104X
  
  [33X[0;0YThe XML [5XOpenMath[105X encoding of such objects is quite bulky:[133X
  
  [4X[32X  Example  [32X[104X
    [4X[28X[128X[104X
    [4X[25Xgap>[125X [27XOMPrint( x );[127X[104X
    [4X[28X<OMOBJ xmlns="http://www.openmath.org/OpenMath" version="2.0">[128X[104X
    [4X[28X	<OMA>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X		<OMS cd="list1" name="list"/>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X		<OMA>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X			<OMS cd="arith1" name="power"/>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X			<OMA>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X				<OMS cd="finfield1" name="primitive_element"/>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X				<OMI>3</OMI>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X			</OMA>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X			<OMI>0</OMI>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X		</OMA>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X		<OMA>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X			<OMS cd="arith1" name="power"/>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X			<OMA>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X				<OMS cd="finfield1" name="primitive_element"/>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X				<OMI>3</OMI>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X			</OMA>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X			<OMI>1</OMI>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X		</OMA>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X		<OMA>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X			<OMS cd="arith1" name="times"/>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X			<OMA>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X				<OMS cd="finfield1" name="primitive_element"/>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X				<OMI>3</OMI>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X			</OMA>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X			<OMI>0</OMI>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X		</OMA>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X	</OMA>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X</OMOBJ>[128X[104X
    [4X[25Xgap>[125X [27XLength( OMString(x) );[127X[104X
    [4X[28X507[128X[104X
    [4X[28X[128X[104X
  [4X[32X[104X
  
  [33X[0;0YWe  call  the  [5XSCSCP[105X  procedure [10XIdentity[110X just to test how this object may be
  sent  back  and forth. The total length of the procedure call message is 969
  symbols:[133X
  
  [4X[32X  Example  [32X[104X
    [4X[28X[128X[104X
    [4X[25Xgap>[125X [27XSetInfoLevel(InfoSCSCP,3);[127X[104X
    [4X[25Xgap>[125X [27XEvaluateBySCSCP("Identity",[x],"localhost",26133);[127X[104X
    [4X[28X#I  Creating a socket ...[128X[104X
    [4X[28X#I  Connecting to a remote socket via TCP/IP ...[128X[104X
    [4X[28X#I  Got connection initiation message[128X[104X
    [4X[28X#I  <?scscp service_name="GAP" service_version="4.dev" service_id="localhost:2\[128X[104X
    [4X[28X6133:42448" scscp_versions="1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3" ?>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X#I  Requesting version 1.3 from the server ...[128X[104X
    [4X[28X#I  Server confirmed version 1.3 to the client ...[128X[104X
    [4X[28X#I  Composing procedure_call message: [128X[104X
    [4X[28X<?scscp start ?>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X<OMOBJ xmlns="http://www.openmath.org/OpenMath" version="2.0">[128X[104X
    [4X[28X  <OMATTR>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X    <OMATP>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X      <OMS cd="scscp1" name="call_id"/>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X      <OMSTR>localhost:26133:42448:IOs9ZkBU</OMSTR>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X      <OMS cd="scscp1" name="option_return_object"/>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X      <OMSTR></OMSTR>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X    </OMATP>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X    <OMA>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X      <OMS cd="scscp1" name="procedure_call"/>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X      <OMA>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X        <OMS cd="scscp_transient_1" name="Identity"/>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X          <OMA>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X            <OMS cd="list1" name="list"/>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X            <OMA>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X            <OMS cd="arith1" name="power"/>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X            <OMA>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X              <OMS cd="finfield1" name="primitive_element"/>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X              <OMI>3</OMI>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X            </OMA>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X            <OMI>0</OMI>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X          </OMA>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X          <OMA>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X            <OMS cd="arith1" name="power"/>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X            <OMA>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X              <OMS cd="finfield1" name="primitive_element"/>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X              <OMI>3</OMI>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X            </OMA>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X            <OMI>1</OMI>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X          </OMA>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X          <OMA>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X            <OMS cd="arith1" name="times"/>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X            <OMA>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X              <OMS cd="finfield1" name="primitive_element"/>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X              <OMI>3</OMI>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X            </OMA>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X            <OMI>0</OMI>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X          </OMA>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X        </OMA>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X      </OMA>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X    </OMA>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X  </OMATTR>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X</OMOBJ>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X<?scscp end ?>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X#I  Total length 969 characters [128X[104X
    [4X[28X...[128X[104X
    [4X[28Xrec( attributes := [ [ "call_id", "localhost:26133:42448:IOs9ZkBU" ] ], [128X[104X
    [4X[28X  object := [ Z(3)^0, Z(3), 0*Z(3) ] )[128X[104X
    [4X[28X  [128X[104X
  [4X[32X[104X
  
  [33X[0;0YNow we switch to binary mode:[133X
  
  [4X[32X  Example  [32X[104X
    [4X[28X[128X[104X
    [4X[25Xgap>[125X [27XSwitchSCSCPmodeToBinary();[127X[104X
    [4X[25Xgap>[125X [27XEvaluateBySCSCP("Identity",[x],"localhost",26133);[127X[104X
    [4X[28X#I  Creating a socket ...[128X[104X
    [4X[28X#I  Connecting to a remote socket via TCP/IP ...[128X[104X
    [4X[28X#I  Got connection initiation message[128X[104X
    [4X[28X#I  <?scscp service_name="GAP" service_version="4.dev" service_id="localhost:2\[128X[104X
    [4X[28X6133:42448" scscp_versions="1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3" ?>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X#I  Requesting version 1.3 from the server ...[128X[104X
    [4X[28X#I  Server confirmed version 1.3 to the client ...[128X[104X
    [4X[28X#I  Composing procedure_call message: [128X[104X
    [4X[28X3C3F7363736370207374617274203F3E0A18121408060773637363703163616C6C5F6964061E6C\[128X[104X
    [4X[28X6F63616C686F73743A32363133333A34323434383A3256675A5562755A0806147363736370316F\[128X[104X
    [4X[28X7074696F6E5F72657475726E5F6F626A6563740600151008060E73637363703170726F63656475\[128X[104X
    [4X[28X72655F63616C6C1008110873637363705F7472616E7369656E745F314964656E74697479100805\[128X[104X
    [4X[28X046C697374316C69737410080605617269746831706F7765721008091166696E6669656C643170\[128X[104X
    [4X[28X72696D69746976655F656C656D656E7401031101001110080605617269746831706F7765721008\[128X[104X
    [4X[28X091166696E6669656C64317072696D69746976655F656C656D656E740103110101111008060561\[128X[104X
    [4X[28X726974683174696D65731008091166696E6669656C64317072696D69746976655F656C656D656E\[128X[104X
    [4X[28X7401031101001111111113193C3F736373637020656E64203F3E0A[128X[104X
    [4X[28X#I  Total length 339 bytes [128X[104X
    [4X[28X#I  Request sent ...[128X[104X
    [4X[28X#I  Waiting for reply ...[128X[104X
    [4X[28X#I  <?scscp start ?>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X#I  Got back: object [ Z(3)^0, Z(3), 0*Z(3) ] with attributes [128X[104X
    [4X[28X[ [ "call_id", "localhost:26133:42448:2VgZUbuZ" ] ][128X[104X
    [4X[28Xrec( attributes := [ [ "call_id", "localhost:26133:42448:2VgZUbuZ" ] ], [128X[104X
    [4X[28X  object := [ Z(3)^0, Z(3), 0*Z(3) ] )[128X[104X
    [4X[25Xgap>[125X [27XSetInfoLevel(InfoSCSCP,3);[127X[104X
    [4X[28X[128X[104X
  [4X[32X[104X
  
  [33X[0;0YAs  we  can  see, the size of the message is almost three times shorter, and
  this  is not the limit. Switching to binary [5XOpenMath[105X encoding in combination
  with  pickling  and unpickling from [5XIO[105X package (see in the last Chapter) and
  special  methods  for  pickling  compressed  vectors implemented in the [5XCvec[105X
  available  in  [5XGAP[105X 4.5 allow to dramatically reduce the overhead for vectors
  and  matrices  over finite fields, making a roundtrip up to a thousand times
  faster.[133X
  
  
  [1X6.5 [33X[0;0YRemote objects[133X[101X
  
  [33X[0;0YThe  [5XSCSCP[105X  package  introduces  new  kind of objects - [13Xremote objects[113X. They
  provide an opportunity to manipulate with objects on remote services without
  their  actual  transmitting  over  the  network.  Remote  objects  store the
  information  that  allows to access the original object: the server name and
  the  port  number through which the object can be accessed, and the variable
  name  under  which it is stored in the remote system. Two remote objects are
  equal if and only if all these three parameters coincide.[133X
  
  [33X[0;0YThere are two types of remote object which differ by their lifetime:[133X
  
  [30X    [33X[0;6Ytemporary remote objects which exist only within a single session;[133X
  
  [30X    [33X[0;6Ypersistent remote objects which stay alive across multiple sessions.[133X
  
  [33X[0;0YFirst  we  show the example of the temporary remote object in a session. The
  procedure  [10XPointImages[110X  returns  the  set  of  images of a point [22Xi[122X under the
  generators  of  the  group [22XG[122X. First we create the symmetric group [22XS_3[122X on the
  client  and store it remotely on the server (call 1), then we compute set of
  images  for  [22Xi=1,2[122X  (calls 2,3) and finally demonstrate that we may retrieve
  the group from the server (call 4):[133X
  
  [4X[32X  Example  [32X[104X
    [4X[28X[128X[104X
    [4X[25Xgap>[125X [27Xstream:=InputOutputTCPStream( "localhost", 26133 );[127X[104X
    [4X[28X< input/output TCP stream to localhost:26133 >[128X[104X
    [4X[25Xgap>[125X [27XStartSCSCPsession(stream);[127X[104X
    [4X[28X"localhost:26133:6184"[128X[104X
    [4X[25Xgap>[125X [27XOMPutProcedureCall( stream, "store_session", [127X[104X
    [4X[25X>[125X [27X      rec( object := [ SymmetricGroup(3) ], [127X[104X
    [4X[25X>[125X [27X       attributes := [ [ "call_id", "1" ], [127X[104X
    [4X[25X>[125X [27X                       ["option_return_cookie"] ] ) );[127X[104X
    [4X[28Xtrue[128X[104X
    [4X[25Xgap>[125X [27XSCSCPwait( stream );[127X[104X
    [4X[25Xgap>[125X [27XG:=OMGetObjectWithAttributes( stream ).object;[127X[104X
    [4X[28X< remote object scscp://localhost:26133/TEMPVarSCSCPo3Bc8J75 >[128X[104X
    [4X[25Xgap>[125X [27XOMPutProcedureCall( stream, "PointImages", [127X[104X
    [4X[25X>[125X [27X      rec( object := [ G, 1 ], [127X[104X
    [4X[25X>[125X [27X       attributes := [ [ "call_id", "2" ] ] ) );[127X[104X
    [4X[28Xtrue[128X[104X
    [4X[25Xgap>[125X [27XSCSCPwait( stream );[127X[104X
    [4X[25Xgap>[125X [27XOMGetObjectWithAttributes( stream );[127X[104X
    [4X[28Xrec( attributes := [ [ "call_id", "2" ] ], object := [ 2 ] )[128X[104X
    [4X[25Xgap>[125X [27XOMPutProcedureCall( stream, "PointImages", [127X[104X
    [4X[25X>[125X [27X      rec( object := [ G, 2 ], [127X[104X
    [4X[25X>[125X [27X       attributes := [ [ "call_id", "3" ] ] ) );[127X[104X
    [4X[28Xtrue[128X[104X
    [4X[25Xgap>[125X [27XSCSCPwait( stream );[127X[104X
    [4X[25Xgap>[125X [27XOMGetObjectWithAttributes( stream );[127X[104X
    [4X[28Xrec( attributes := [ [ "call_id", "3" ] ], object := [ 1, 3 ] )[128X[104X
    [4X[25Xgap>[125X [27XOMPutProcedureCall( stream, "retrieve", [127X[104X
    [4X[25X>[125X [27X      rec( object := [ G ], [127X[104X
    [4X[25X>[125X [27X       attributes := [ [ "call_id", "4" ] ] ) );[127X[104X
    [4X[28Xtrue[128X[104X
    [4X[25Xgap>[125X [27XSCSCPwait( stream );[127X[104X
    [4X[25Xgap>[125X [27XOMGetObjectWithAttributes( stream );[127X[104X
    [4X[28Xrec( attributes := [ [ "call_id", "4" ] ], [128X[104X
    [4X[28X  object := Group([ (1,2,3), (1,2) ]) )[128X[104X
    [4X[25Xgap>[125X [27XCloseStream(stream);[127X[104X
    [4X[28X[128X[104X
  [4X[32X[104X
  
  [33X[0;0YAfter the stream is closed, it is no longer possible to retrieve the group [22XG[122X
  again or use it as an argument.[133X
  
  [33X[0;0YThus,  the  usage  of  remote  objects existing during a session reduces the
  network  traffic,  since  we pass only references instead of actual [5XOpenMath[105X
  representation  of  an  object.  Also,  the  remote object on the server may
  accumulate  certain  information in its properties and attributes, which may
  not be included in it default [5XOpenMath[105X representation.[133X
  
  [33X[0;0YNow  we  show remote objects which remain alive after the session is closed.
  Such remote objects may be accessed later, for example, by:[133X
  
  [30X    [33X[0;6Ysubsequent  procedure  calls  from the same instance of [5XGAP[105X or another
        system;[133X
  
  [30X    [33X[0;6Yother  instances  of  [5XGAP[105X  or another systems (if the identifier of an
        object is known)[133X
  
  [30X    [33X[0;6Yanother  [5XSCSCP[105X servers which obtained a reference to such object as an
        argument of a procedure call.[133X
  
  [1X6.5-1 StoreAsRemoteObjectPersistently[101X
  
  [33X[1;0Y[29X[2XStoreAsRemoteObjectPersistently[102X( [3Xobj[103X, [3Xserver[103X, [3Xport[103X ) [32X function[133X
  [33X[1;0Y[29X[2XStoreAsRemoteObject[102X( [3Xobj[103X, [3Xserver[103X, [3Xport[103X ) [32X function[133X
  [6XReturns:[106X  [33X[0;10Yremote object[133X
  
  [33X[0;0YReturns the remote object corresponding to the object created at [3Xserver[103X[10X:[110X[3Xport[103X
  from  the [5XOpenMath[105X representation of the first argument [3Xobj[103X. The second form
  is just a synonym.[133X
  
  [4X[32X  Example  [32X[104X
    [4X[28X[128X[104X
    [4X[25Xgap>[125X [27Xs:=StoreAsRemoteObject( SymmetricGroup(3), "localhost", 26133 );[127X[104X
    [4X[28X< remote object scscp://localhost:26133/TEMPVarSCSCPLvIUUtL3 >[128X[104X
    [4X[28X[128X[104X
  [4X[32X[104X
  
  [33X[0;0YInternally,  the remote object carries all the information which is required
  to get access to the original object: its identifier, server and port:[133X
  
  [4X[32X  Example  [32X[104X
    [4X[28X[128X[104X
    [4X[25Xgap>[125X [27Xs![1]; [127X[104X
    [4X[28X"TEMPVarSCSCPLvIUUtL3"[128X[104X
    [4X[25Xgap>[125X [27Xs![2];[127X[104X
    [4X[28X"localhost"[128X[104X
    [4X[25Xgap>[125X [27Xs![3];[127X[104X
    [4X[28X26133[128X[104X
    [4X[28X[128X[104X
  [4X[32X[104X
  
  [33X[0;0YWhen  the  remote object is printed in the [5XOpenMath[105X format, we use symbols [10X@[110X
  and [10X:[110X to combine these parameters in the [5XOpenMath[105X reference:[133X
  
  [4X[32X  Example  [32X[104X
    [4X[28X[128X[104X
    [4X[25Xgap>[125X [27XOMPrint(s);[127X[104X
    [4X[28X<OMOBJ>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X      <OMR href="scscp://localhost:26133/TEMPVarSCSCPLvIUUtL3" />[128X[104X
    [4X[28X</OMOBJ>[128X[104X
    [4X[28X[128X[104X
  [4X[32X[104X
  
  [33X[0;0YThis  allows substitution of remote object as arguments into procedure calls
  in the same manner like we do this with usual objects:[133X
  
  [4X[32X  Example  [32X[104X
    [4X[28X[128X[104X
    [4X[25Xgap>[125X [27XEvaluateBySCSCP("WS_IdGroup",[s],"localhost",26133);  [127X[104X
    [4X[28Xrec( attributes := [ [ "call_id", "localhost:26133:52918:Viq6EWBP" ] ], [128X[104X
    [4X[28X  object := [ 6, 1 ] )[128X[104X
    [4X[28X[128X[104X
  [4X[32X[104X
  
  [1X6.5-2 IsRemoteObject[101X
  
  [33X[1;0Y[29X[2XIsRemoteObject[102X [32X filter[133X
  
  [33X[0;0YThis is the category of remote objects.[133X
  
  [1X6.5-3 RemoteObjectsFamily[101X
  
  [33X[1;0Y[29X[2XRemoteObjectsFamily[102X [32X family[133X
  
  [33X[0;0YThis is the family of remote objects.[133X
  
  [1X6.5-4 RetrieveRemoteObject[101X
  
  [33X[1;0Y[29X[2XRetrieveRemoteObject[102X( [3Xremoteobject[103X ) [32X function[133X
  [6XReturns:[106X  [33X[0;10Yobject[133X
  
  [33X[0;0YThis  function  retrieves  the  remote object from the remote service in the
  [5XOpenMath[105X format and constructs it locally. Note, however, that for a complex
  mathematical  object its default [5XOpenMath[105X representation may not contain all
  information  about it which was accumulated during its lifetime on the [5XSCSCP[105X
  server.[133X
  
  [4X[32X  Example  [32X[104X
    [4X[28X[128X[104X
    [4X[25Xgap>[125X [27XRetrieveRemoteObject(s);[127X[104X
    [4X[28XGroup([ (1,2,3), (1,2) ])[128X[104X
    [4X[28X[128X[104X
  [4X[32X[104X
  
  [1X6.5-5 UnbindRemoteObject[101X
  
  [33X[1;0Y[29X[2XUnbindRemoteObject[102X( [3Xremoteobject[103X ) [32X function[133X
  [6XReturns:[106X  [33X[0;10Y[9Xtrue[109X or [9Xfalse[109X[133X
  
  [33X[0;0YRemoves  any  value  currently  bound  to  the global variable determined by
  [3Xremoteobject[103X  at  the [5XSCSCP[105X server, and returns [9Xtrue[109X or [9Xfalse[109X dependently on
  whether this action was successful or not.[133X
  
  [4X[32X  Example  [32X[104X
    [4X[28X[128X[104X
    [4X[25Xgap>[125X [27XUnbindRemoteObject(s);[127X[104X
    [4X[28Xtrue[128X[104X
    [4X[28X[128X[104X
  [4X[32X[104X
  
  [33X[0;0YFinally,  we  show  an  example  when first we create a group on the service
  running  on  port 26133, and then identify it on the service running on port
  26134:[133X
  
  [4X[32X  Example  [32X[104X
    [4X[28X[128X[104X
    [4X[25Xgap>[125X [27Xs:=StoreAsRemoteObject( SymmetricGroup(3), "localhost", 26133 );[127X[104X
    [4X[28X< remote object scscp://localhost:26133/TEMPVarSCSCPNqc8Bkan >[128X[104X
    [4X[25Xgap>[125X [27XEvaluateBySCSCP( "WS_IdGroup", [ s ], "localhost", 26134 );[127X[104X
    [4X[28Xrec( object := [ 6, 1 ], attributes := [ [ "call_id", "localhost:26134:7414" ] ] )[128X[104X
    [4X[28X[128X[104X
  [4X[32X[104X
  
  [33X[0;0YInstead  of  transmitting  the group to the client and then sending it as an
  argument  to  the  second service, the latter service directly retrieves the
  group from the first service:[133X
  
  [4X[32X  Example  [32X[104X
    [4X[28X[128X[104X
    [4X[25Xgap>[125X [27XEvaluateBySCSCP("WS_IdGroup",[s],"localhost",26133 : output:="cookie" );[127X[104X
    [4X[28Xrec( attributes := [ [ "call_id", "localhost:26133:52918:mRU6w471" ] ], [128X[104X
    [4X[28X  object := < remote object scscp://localhost:26133/TEMPVarSCSCPS9SVe9PZ > )[128X[104X
    [4X[28X[128X[104X
  [4X[32X[104X
  
